El papel del caballo en nuestras vidas ha cambiado drásticamente en las últimas décadas. Los caballos han evolucionado de ser principalmente animales de trabajo a compañeros de equipo. Durante este tiempo, nuestra visión de ellos a medida que envejecen también ha cambiado, por eso queremos saber de ellos, queremos saber cuanto tiempo viven los caballos.
Cuanto tiempo viven los caballos
Los caballos viven más, porque podemos cuidarlos mejor. Esto significa, que muchos caballos seguirán vivos y sanos mucho tiempo después de que puedan competir. Con una vida de hasta 25 o incluso 30 años, esto puede significar un compromiso financiero y de tiempo muy largo para los propietarios de caballos.
Cuanto tiempo viven los caballos
El promedio de vida de un caballo domesticado es de 25 a 30 años. El promedio de Mustangs y otros caballos en la naturaleza suele estar más cerca de los 15 años. Los caballos domesticados tienden a vivir más tiempo, porque los veterinarios pueden abordar sus condiciones médicas y necesidades dietéticas. Cuando un caballo salvaje, comienza a disminuir la velocidad debido a la artritis o se vuelve incapaz de comer de manera efectiva debido a una enfermedad dental, le resulta más difícil mantenerse al día con la manada.
Etapas de Madurez en Caballos
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Recién Nacido (Nacimiento a destete)
Estos caballos son muy dependientes de sus madres para la nutrición.
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Destete (4 a 7 meses)
Los potros se destetan de sus madres entre los 4 y 7 meses de edad; durante este tiempo, su nutrición cambia principalmente de leche a principalmente forrajes y granos.
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Jóvenes (destete a 3 años)
Durante este tiempo, el caballo está creciendo activamente. A los tres años, la mayoría de las placas de crecimiento de un caballo se han cerrado.
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Adulto (3 años a 15 años)
Por lo general, la mayoría de los caballos han dejado de crecer y se encuentran en sus mejores años atléticos.
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Geriátrico (15+ años)
Después de 15 años, los caballos tienden a disminuir la velocidad y requieren más apoyo.
No existen asociaciones de razas específicas para vidas más largas o más cortas en los caballos. Al igual que los perros, las razas más pequeñas, especialmente los ponis, tienden a vivir más tiempo. No es raro que las razas de ponis vivan hasta los cuarenta años.
Nuestra visión de ellos a medida que envejecen también ha cambiado, por eso queremos saber de ellos, queremos saber cuanto tiempo viven los caballos.
¿Qué hace que algunos caballos vivan más que otros?
No hay un factor que pueda usarse para determinar qué caballos vivirán más que otros. Es probable que haya un componente genético de por qué algunos caballos viven más tiempo, pero no se entiende completamente en este momento. La dieta adecuada, el ejercicio, el cuidado de los cascos, el cuidado dental y la atención médica contribuyen en gran medida a mejorar las posibilidades de que un caballo viva una vida larga y saludable.
Cómo mejorar la vida de tu caballo
Hay muchas maneras en las que puedes apoyar a tu caballo a medida que envejece y ayudarlo a vivir una vida larga y saludable.
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Dieta: Es muy importante alimentar a tu caballo para una adecuada condición corporal. A medida que los caballos envejecen, sus dientes se vuelven menos efectivos para masticar porque dejan de crecer y las superficies para moler se vuelven más suaves. Esto puede requerir, cambiar de una dieta basada principalmente en heno o pasto a una opción de alimentación para personas mayores.
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Ejercicio: El ejercicio ligero para un caballo mayor, puede ayudar a prevenir la pérdida de masa muscular y apoyar las articulaciones artríticas .
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Manejo ambiental: los caballos más viejos no regulan la temperatura tan bien como sus contrapartes más jóvenes, por lo que es importante mantenerlos frescos en el verano y cubrirlos con una manta para calentarse en el invierno. Además, es importante asegurarse de que tengan libre acceso a agua y refugio.
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Cuidado de los cascos: El mantenimiento de los pies de tu caballo, es clave para mantenerlo sano y cómodo en sus últimos años. Incluso cuando hayan terminado de competir, algunos caballos de suela delgada aún pueden necesitar herraduras. Los pies demasiado grandes, pueden exacerbar la incomodidad que experimentan los caballos debido a la artritis.
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Cuidado dental: Comenzar el flotado/mantenimiento dental regular temprano y continuarlo a lo largo de la vida de tu caballo, puede ayudar a prevenir infecciones dentales y pérdida de dientes a medida que envejece.
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Atención veterinaria: los caballos mayores aún deben vacunarse y someterse a exámenes regulares por parte de un veterinario, al menos una vez al año. Esto, ayudará a identificar cualquier enfermedad subyacente que pueda estar afectando a tu caballo, como PPID (Cushing) y artritis .
Es importante saber, que incluso si haces todo lo posible para prolongar la vida de tu caballo, todavía hay factores fuera de tu control. Los cólicos y las lesiones, pueden ocurrirle a cualquier caballo, incluso con el mejor cuidado posible.
Fuente: Hipica La Calderona
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